The built environment is a critical frontier for climate change mitigation and adaptation, with residential buildings accounting for a substantial portion of global energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. This paper presents a critical review of contemporary literature (2020-2025) synthesizing advancements in climate-resilient housing through integrated architectural and renewable energy solutions. A systematic analysis of 51 studies examines three core areas: passive and active architectural design for thermal resilience; the role of decentralized renewable energy in enhancing autonomy; and the socio-technical, policy, and governance dimensions of implementation. The present review identifies a paradigm shift from static efficiency toward dynamic, adaptive building systems, highlighting the efficacy of bioclimatic design, smart materials, and AI-driven management. Decentralized solar energy is underscored as fundamental for decarbonization and energy security, though its succ